Day 1 :
Keynote Forum
Adenrele Awotona
University of Massachusetts Boston, USA
Keynote: Reconstruction after Tornadoes: As if Children Mattered
Biography:
Adenrele Awotona, Professor of Urban Planning and Community Studies, is the founder and Director of the Center for Rebuilding Sustainable Communities after Disasters, and a former Dean of the College of Public and Community Service at the University of Massachusetts, Boston, USA. He was previously a Director of Studies for the British Council International Seminars (“Reconstruction after disasters”) in the UK where he has also served at the University of Newcastle upon Tyne as a Director of Graduate Studies in architecture and urban design. Through research, consultancy and teaching, he has professional experience in several countries in five continents. Similarly, he has been a principal investigator on major research projects funded by various agencies in the USA and UK. A stream of publications has, therefore, emanated from his research and consultancy services. Professor Awotona earned his Ph.D. from the University of Cambridge, UK, and a Certificate from Harvard University’s Institute of Management and Leadership in Education.
Abstract:
Statement of the Problem: Although children are among the most negatively impacted when disasters strike, they are always left out from, or considered as an afterthought in, the planning process for rebuilding communities after disasters. In order to assist children to cope with disasters of all types, it is essential to identify their needs. It is also vital to work with them and other relevant stakeholders (such as their families, communities, governments at all levels and humanitarian agencies) to incorporate those needs into the formulation and implementation of disaster risk reduction and management plans and policies. Methodology and Theoretical Orientation: We used a Community-based Participatory Action Research approach to identify the needs of children after the April 2011 tornadoes that hit the central and northern parts of the State of Alabama in the United States. Findings, Conclusion and Significance: This presentation analyzes how the University of Massachusetts Boston’s Center for Rebuilding Sustainable Communities after Disasters (CRSCAD) and the University of Alabama’s Department of Educational Studies in Psychology, Research Methodology and Counseling, worked jointly to mobilize stakeholders in the affected communities to develop a Community’s Charter - a Child-Centered Action Plan for Disaster Risk Reduction by the community. The use of this community-based approach to assess the impact of the tornado on the local communities and their needs for rebuilding provides a methodological framework for future post-tornado local development. Recommendations: The participants developed three sets of recommendations for children and their families, schools, and the community.
Keynote Forum
(Din)Ding-Geng Chen
University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, USA
Keynote: BAYESIAN PARADIGM IN SOCIAL INTERVWENTION RESEARCH ON EVIDENCE BUILDING
Biography:
Dr. Din Chen is a Fellow of ASA. He is now the Wallace H. Kuralt distinguished professor at University of North Carolina-Chapel Hill. He was a professor in biostatistics at the University of Rochester and the Karl E. Peace endowed eminent scholar chair in biostatistics at Georgia Southern University. He has more than 150 referred professional publications and co-authored/co-edited 23 books on randomized clinical trials, statistical meta-analysis, public health statistical methods, causal inferences and statistical Monte-Carlo simulation and public health applications.
Abstract:
Statement of the Problem: Social interventions are purposefully implemented change strategies and social intervention research is then intended to follow a design and evaluation process in which activities build on prior information over time. The process is iterative and nonlinear in refining and building new evidences. Although prior information informs successive new evidences, prior information is rarely considered in data analysis in intervention analyses. This is not consistent to our scientific principle of evidence building and new paradigm should be explored. Methodology & Theoretical Orientation: We describe a Bayesian perspective on intervention research. Bayesian methods make use of prior information in analyses. In particular, rather than ignoring prior information as in typical intervention analysis, the Bayesian approach to intervention research incorporates prior information from new data distributions based on the Bayes’ theorem. Information from prior studies can be used to formulate a posterior distribution. This posterior distribution is then incorporated in the inferential process. Therefore, a Bayesian approach to intervention research analyzes current study data by drawing on information from previous studies. The Bayesian perspective provides a sequential quantitative method for estimating outcomes in newly obtained data by making use of the previous understanding of intervention effects. Conclusion & Significance: From a research design perspective, Bayesian methods have the potential to improve power and reduce required sample sizes in intervention research. If smaller samples could be used, the cost of intervention studies might be reduced, which in turn, could reduce the design demands of intervention research.
Keynote Forum
Ulimiri V Somayajulu
Sigma Research and Consulting, New Delhi, India
Keynote: SDGS AND HEALTH
Biography:
Dr ULIMIRI V Somayajulu is the CEO and Executive Director, Sigma Research and Consulting, New Delhi,India and also President – Sigma Training and Applied Research (STAR) Foundation. His education includes M Sc Statistics, with Specialisation in Demography, SQC & Advanced Operations Research from Andhra University, Visakhapatnam (1983-86)M Phil and Ph D in Population studies from International Institute for Population Sciences, Bombay (1987-1990) MA Sociology from Annamalai University (1994-96) PG Diploma in Management.PG Diploma in Human Resource Management MBA, Specialisation in Human Resources from IGNOU. His publications and research experience in Author of nine edited books and 120 papers in Demography and research in Experience of handling wide variety of social / developmental and demographic research in all the Indian states and Sri Lanka.
Abstract:
An attempt is made in this paper to understand the linkages between health and Sustainable Development Goals, SDGs. he 2030 Sustainable Development Agenda is of unprecedented scope and ambition, applicable to all countries, and goes well beyond the MDGs. While poverty eradication, health, education, and food security and nutrition remain priorities, the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) comprise a broad range of economic, social and environmental objectives, and offer the prospect of more peaceful and inclusive societies.
The 17 goals and 169 targets, including one specific goal for health with 13 targets, of the new development agenda integrate the three dimensions of sustainable development around people, planet, prosperity, peace and partnership. The health goal is broad: “Ensure healthy lives and promote well-being for all at all ages”. Health has a central place as a major contributor to and beneficiary of sustainable development policies. There are many linkages between the health goal and other goals and targets reflecting the integrated approach that is underpinning the SDGs. Universal health coverage (UHC), one of the 13 health goal targets, provides an overall framework for the implementation of a broad and ambitious health agenda in all countries.
Health is linked to many of the non-health goals, reflecting the fact that health effects and is in turn affected by, many economic, social and environmental determinants.
Progress in health is dependent on economic, social and environmental progress. Well over a dozen targets in other goals can be considered health-related and should be given special attention in strategies, policies and plans to achieve the health goal and in monitoring progress Goal 17 is about means of implementation and links to the four means of implementation targets of the health goal.
- Social Sciences and Education | Social Sciences and Political Studies | Social Sciences and Social Work | Social Sciences and Public Health | Social Sciences and Psychology | Social Sciences and Epidemiology
Location: Olimpica 2
Chair
Leora Rabatach
University of Calgary, Canada
Co-Chair
Suheir Daoud
Coastal Carolina University, USA
Session Introduction
Jolanta Mackowicz
Pedagogical University of Cracow, Poland
Title: Educational activity of seniors and their quality of life
Biography:
Assoc. Professor with 13-years work experience at Pedagogical University of Cracow in
Poland and short-term stays at different universities in Europe. Accomplished researcher in
gerontological, social and educational problems issues. Author (and co-author) over 40
publications (also indexed in JCR). Member of the Scientific Board of Polish Social Gerontology Journal. National Representative of Poland in INPEA (International Network for the Prevention of Elder Abuse). Independent expert of European Commission Research Programme HORIZON 2020.
Abstract:
In the face of global population aging, particular attention is given to active aging, where lifelong learning plays a key role (European Commission 2006, United Nations 2002, 2009). Implementation of the active ageing concept is one of the key priorities of the European policy aimed at combating negative consequences of ageing…in accordance with the saying „add life to your days, not days to your life”. In contemporary gerontology the education of the elderly is treated as the process of emancipation, allowing senior citizens to gain greater control over their lives ( Battersby, 1985, p. 76). Education has become a prerequisite for ensuring independence and quality of old age.
Research goal: Recognition of the influence of educational activity on the way seniors function (after retiring)
Method: interviews with the attendees of the Universities of the Third Age and other educational forms within the Grundvig Programme
Results: Educational activity fosters the process of finding new roles, developing new passions and occupying free time. It allows integration and participation in social life , protects seniors from isolation and brings positive changes not only in individuals, but also yields long-term benefits for the society as a whole
Cory Callahan
University of Alabama, USA
Title: BEYOND WORDS: INQUIRY-BASED PROFESSIONAL DEVELOPMENT CENTERED ROUND HISTORICAL PHOTOGRAPHS
Biography:
Cory Callahan, Ph.D., Auburn University, is an Assistant Professor at the University of Alabama. Dr. Callahan taught secondary students for 14 years, practicing the craft of social studies instruction the way he promoted it in presentations, workshops, and scholarly writing. Dr. Callahan then became a teacher-educator to advance a research program that includes educative curriculum, inquiry, aesthetic texts, and international education. Dr. Callahan has encouraged a more dynamic relationship between research and practice through opportunities afforded him by a National Technology Leadership Initiative Fellows Award, a Jacobs Educator Award, and a Gilder Lehrman’s Alabama History Teacher of the Year Award.
Abstract:
Abstract: This paper provides a thick description of three in-service social studies teachers’ participation in a thirteen-month professional development initiative that centered round innovative visual curriculum materials, second-order historical domain knowledge, and Lesson Study-type collaboration. The teachers experienced, as learners, several inquiry-based strategies that featured historical photographs from the Library of Congress’s digital catalog. They also participated, as teachers, in educative discussions to explore the underpinning tenets of Beyond Words (i.e., applying skills associated with visual literacy and thinking historically to interpret aesthetic texts, weighing contrastive visual evidence to develop a complex understanding of the past, and beginning to address a compelling public issue). This qualitative investigation answers To what degree can Beyond Words help in-service geography teachers design and implement powerful instruction centered round historical photographs? With explicit guidance, the teachers designed and implemented a research lesson that featured compelling historical photographs, visual literacy and historical thinking skills, and students making claims about an issue of public concern. Throughout Beyond Words, the teachers demonstrated a spirit of open-mindedness and a willingness to experiment with unfamiliar ideas; however, at the end of the program their views about social studies instruction, especially regarding aesthetic texts, were largely restatements of conventional conclusions
Leora Rabatch
University of Calgary, Canada
Title: The Role of Stakeholder Engagement in Quality Improvement Initiatives in Strategic Clinical Networks: A Theory of Planned Behaviour Study
Biography:
Léora Rabatach is Manager of Communications for the W21C Program in the O’Brien Institute for Public Health. Léora completed her undergraduate degree in physical anthropology at the University of Calgary (1999), and followed this with a Master in Medical Science from the University of Calgary’s Department of Community Health Sciences in the Cumming School of Medicine (2017). Her research focused on measuring stakeholder engagement for quality improvement projects in Strategic Clinical Networks (SCNs) in Alberta. Léora has worked in communications and fund development in both public and private sectors for over 16 years, and specializes in: strategic communications planning, media relations, knowledge management/knowledge translation, ROI/measurement, event planning, web development, copywriting, and editing.
Abstract:
Statement of Problem: Worldwide, Strategic Clinical Networks (SCNs) are structures developed to improve patient safety, care quality, and evidence-based practices in healthcare systems. Stakeholder engagement plays a key role in enhancing quality improvement (QI) initiatives within SCNs; however, little is known about what factors affect engagement within these Networks. This study aimed to assess which factors were most predictive of stakeholders’ intention to engage within these networks in a Canadian healthcare setting.
Suheir Daoud
Coastal Carolina University, USA
Title: SPACE, IDENTITY AND POLITICS: PALESTINIMUSLIM WOMEN IN ISRAEL
Biography:
A Palestinian writer and professor from Mi‘ilya village in Western Galilee (northern Israel). She holds a PhD in Political Science from the Hebrew University of Jerusalem and currently she is an Associate Professor of Politics in the Department of Politics at Coastal Carolina University in South Carolina in the USA. Daoud has authored numerous articles and op-eds, and have published four volumes of Arabic poetry and literature. Some of her poems were translated into German and appeared in Iraqi poet Khalid Almaaly’s book After the Last Sky (Frankfort). Her book Ghazalah’s Windows was translated to Italian in 2011.
Abstract:
Abstract: Muslim women in Israel, who were once rarely involved in spaces outside their homes, fields, and villages, have broken existing boundaries to enter new economic, social, and educational environments. However, the gendering of space for these women has been profoundly changed and challenged by a variety of factors, namely state interference, modernization, and Islamism. My paper examines the impact of space on Muslim Palestinian women living in ethnically divided and deindustrialized cities and the roles ethnic marginalization and patriarchy play in shaping their spatial experiences. The paper is based on an analysis of in-depth interviews with six Muslim women living in religiously and ethnically mixed Muslim-majority cities in Israel and it analyzes their stories related to their perception of place/space and identity
Jerome Ngundue
Walden University, USA
Title: Disparities in Arkansas Mandated Immunization Coverage Among Natural Home and Foster-Care Adolescents
Biography:
Dr. Jerome Ngundue’s expertise and passion includes vaccine preventable diseases, population immunization, pandemic influenza preparedness, planning, and response. His research areas are Community health, immunizations, and infectious diseases. His research foundations are vaccination theory of game, quantitative methods, and infectious diseases.
Dr. Ngundue is the pandemic influenza and Public Health Preparedness Planner at Arkansas Department of Health. He is also a reviewer for Translational research grants at University of Arkansas Medical Sciences and Conference abstracts for American Public Health Association, APHA. He serves on several advisory boards and committees. Dr. Ngundue has presented at several international scientific conferences, United States National Immunization conference, workshops, and forums. He enjoys discussing his research and community contributions as a public health scholar practitioner
Abstract:
Statement of the Problem: Pulaski County, Arkansas adolescent birth cohort (PCABC) reported immunization rates and uptake for routinely required recommended 5 vaccines for school entry (FVSE) were persistently low compared to United States (U.S.) average (CDC,2012).
Background/Purpose: Anecdotal evidence indicated vaccine coverage disparities among foster-care (FCA) and natural-home adolescents (NHA). Arkansas laws require 5 vaccines for school entry (FVSE) to prevent 9 common childhood diseases. The study problem was that Pulaski County, Arkansas adolescent birth cohort (PCABC) immunization rates were low compared to U.S. adolescents for Diphtheria- pertussis-tetanus, Hepatitis B, Measles-mumps-rubella, Poliomyelitis, and Varicella FVSE.
Aim/Objective: This study examined the extent to which (1) PCABC immunization rates were significantly different from those estimated for U.S. adolescents in 2006–2008, (2) NHA and FCA immunization rates were different in 2003–2008; (3) sociodemographic variables mediate associations between home of residence (HOR), NHA or FCA, and up to date (UTD) status for FVSE; and (4) vaccination game theory (VGT) estimated deaths differ between individual-equilibrium and group-optimum behaviors.
Methods: The methodologies applied were direct standardization, χ2, multiple logistic regressions, and VGT to analyze PCABC retrospective secondary data from the Arkansas immunization registry.
Results: The results revealed that U.S. adjusted UTD coverage rates for Hepatitis B, measles-mumps-rubella, and varicella were greater than those for PCABC. Race-adjusted FCA immunization rates were 120% higher than for NHA. Race mediated the association between HOR and UTD FVSE status, and African Americans had 80% greater odds of being UTD with FVSE compared to Caucasians. Group-optimum behavior was associated with fewer estimated deaths than individual equilibrium; thus, it is protective against disease outbreaks.
Conclusions: Positive social change may occur among the PCABC when healthcare providers include these results in communications with parents at FCA and NHA community health clinics. Parental vaccine acceptance for their children may increase vaccinations and improve PCABC health and wellness.
Biography:
Dr. Nina Rose Fischer has a PhD in Social Welfare Policy, and is an Assistant Professor at John Jay College in Interdisciplinary Studies. Her expertise is in youth justice and mixed methods evaluation. She conducted a study of a youth police intervention Long Island’s probation and police, and in Brooklyn New York at a precinct with a significant violent crime and police citizen complaint rate. She evaluated a reentry intervention for young women and a harm reduction curriculum in a New York City high school. Nina has a book contract to write a book about youth police relations.
Abstract:
Statement of the Problem: The volatile climate between police officers and community members throughout the United States, especially in low-income urban areas, creates a dire need for interventions that mitigate harmful interactions. Interventions are necessary to alleviate the collateral damage of policing tactics. Youth ages 16-25 years old, especially of color in low-income urban areas, have more police contact than adults. The YPI attempts to address these issues by bringing youth who have had or are most vulnerable to police contact together with the local beat officers to share personal stories, meals, cultural norms, job expectations, tactics and ultimately community actions plans. Police and youth let their guards down long enough to have the difficult and honest discussions that are necessary in order for real change to take place. This paper is a mixed methods evaluation of the Youth Police Initiative (YPI) to understand its ability to impact the attitudes and behaviors of the youth and police officers that participated. Although the YPI has operated for almost fifteen years in cities across the US and two other countries, this is the first time it was evaluated to determine the outcomes and effectiveness of the approach. Evaluation of the YPI employed a mixed methods approach. Attitudinal and behavioral outcomes were assessed using a combination of pre and post interviews, and pre, post, and follow-up surveys of both youth and police participants. The evaluation benefits the fields of Policing and Juvenile Justice by providing evidence about the efficacy of a unique program approach in the area of police-community relations.
- Social Sciences and Criminal Studies | Social Sciences and Community Studies | Social Sciences and Gender Studies | Social Sciences and Public Health
Location: Olimpica 2
Chair
Hamilton Grant Pharaoh
University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa
Session Introduction
Anne O Farrell
The Health Intelligence Unit, Health Service Executive (HSE) Dublin, Ireland.
Title: TRENDS IN EMERGENCY IN-PATIENT HOSPITALISATIONS AMONG THOSE WITH NO FIXED ABODE (HOMELESS): WHAT LESSONS CAN BE LEARNT.
Biography:
Dr. Anne O Farrell graduated from the University College Londong with a BSc (Hons) Degree in Biological Sciences and obtained a Masters in Epidemiology at the London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine (LSHTM) in X. Anne completed her PhD in Epidemiology at Trinity College Dublin, Ireland in 2010. Anne currently works as an epidemiology researcher in the Health Service Executive (HSE) in Ireland and has published many papers in the area of population and public health.
Abstract:
Estimates show that homelessness is increasing in Ireland. The impact on emergency in-patient hospital admissions is unclear. This study analysed emergency hospitalisations among those experiencing homelessness between 2005-2014.There were 2,051 in-patient emergency admissions of people classified as homeless during the study period, an increase of 406% since 2005 (78 in 2005 vs. 395 in 2014). The mean age was 40.6 (S.D. 13.2). Males were five times more likely to be admitted than women. . This reflects the larger proportion of men that are homeless compared to women (40% as opposed to 60% overall) but also that men are more likely to be ‘roofless’ while women are more likely to reside in ‘hidden homeless’ situations (friends, family etc) where they are more likely to give an address and thus not be classified as homeless.
Because of the hidden nature of women’s homelessness caution is needed in interpreting the gender differences in the study.The majority of the patients (1,176 /2,051) 57% had a mental/ behavioural diagnosis. Over one in ten (280; 13.7%) were admitted for ambulatory care conditions including convulsions/epilepsy (N=92/280; 32.9%) and cellulitis (62/280; 22.1%).
With over half experiencing mental health disorders; a third experiencing alcohol and substance misuse, it is clear that pathways to care need to be established as such health issues will have a significant impact on the cycle of homelessness if not addressed.. Access to, and use of, community and preventative services is needed to reduce utilisation of emergency hospital services by those who are homeless.
Loren Henderson
University Of Maryland, USA
Title: Racial tax or racial premium? Race and earnings in the stem sector
Biography:
Loren Henderson is a Hrabowski Innovation Fellow at University of Maryland, Baltimore County. Her research interests include Diversity Issues, Stratification and Inequality, Health Disparities and Race, Class, Gender and Sexuality.
Abstract:
African Americans, Latinos, and native Americans are grossly underrepresented in the science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM) sector. While many analysts point to supply-side factors such as group differences in preferences for working in the science and technology sector, this paper seeks to understand compensation as a demand-side issue in the STEM employment equation. Using data from the 2015 National Survey of College Graduates (NSCG), this paper examines the link between race and earnings in the STEM sector. It provides a multivariate assessment of competing arguments about whether being a member of an underrepresented racial group serves to depress earnings (i.e., acts as a racial tax) or to enhance earnings (i.e., acts as a racial premium). The results show that when human capital characteristics and other productivity factors are taken into account, underrepresented racial minorities in the STEM sector earn significantly less than do Whites. The racial tax is more than $10,000 for African Americans, Latinos, and for Native Americans. The implications of the findings for equity and the nation’s ability to draw on the talents and skills of all Americans—including racial minorities that are under- represented in STEM—are discussed.
Andrea Ianni
Catholic University Medical School, Rome Italy
Title: Nursing role in health education about vaccines: Analysis of institutional communication styles as compared to main social sciences models
Biography:
Dr. Andrea Ianni graduated in 1997 as a MD (top grade) at the Catholic University Medical School (UCSC-Rome, Italy), completing in 2002 a PostGraduate Course (top grade) in Hygiene and Public Health at the Department of Public Health (Dir. Prof. W. Ricciardi), UCSC-Rome. Since 2003 he works in the Medical Directorate of Campus Bio-Medico University Hospital in Rome (Italy) and in the Research Unit in Hygiene, Statistics and Public Health (Director Prof. T. Petitti) at Campus Bio-Medico University Medical School (Rome, Italy). Main activities: research and teaching activity (health services research, clinical and food safety, hygiene themes), medical directorate work.
Abstract:
Background. The lack of adhesion to vaccination represents a main issue for population prevention, as well as a real challenge for public health operators. Besides analyzing deep motivations and causes of such a behavior, evaluating style and topics of official communication campaigns can contribute to a better understanding of this complex matter.
Study Objective. In the present study an instrument was built to deeply evaluate main aspects of official communication campaigns aimed at population health education. Such an instrument was prepared starting from nurse competencies in that field, followed by a wide integration with other healthcare professionals competencies. The relevant contribution of other disciplines, such as social science and communication methodology, was considered as well. Main objective was to develop an instrument to evaluate main contents and structure of official education campaigns about vaccination.
Methods. The most relevant models of “positive communication” were chosen, in order to define contents of each health education campaign to be evaluated. Nurse core competencies were defined and combined with communication models highlights. A 13-item grid was prepared for the study purpose.
Results and Discussion. Official vaccination campaigns were evaluated through the application of this original instrument. Differences were observed among Institutions and their communication campaigns. Efficacy evaluation was performed by comparison of different vaccination campaigns.
Conclusions. Understanding vaccination adherence and refusal, and the motivations thereof, is especially critical for creating effective systems of health communication. An instrument to evaluate main contents of official communication campaigns can contribute to increase the knowledge in this field
Dr. Hamilton Grant Pharaoh
University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa
Title: Feasibility of a youth development programme: A South African study
Biography:
Dr. Hamilton Grant Pharaoh has been in academia for the past 17 years. He graduated from the University of the Western Cape with his PHD IN 2014. He is a physiotherapist from profession and his pecialties including sports physiotherapy. His passion is youth especially youth at risk. Therefore his drive during his PHD to design a comprehensive youth development programme to combat Heath Risk Behavior among the youth. He founded THE FOUNDATION FOR COMMUNITIES OF EXCELLENCE which serves as a driver to change communities and the lives of young people through lifeskills training and creating pathways for tertiary education opportunities for all.
Abstract:
Statement of the Problem: Designing comprehensive youth development programmes that combat the engagement of Health Risk Behaviour amongst the youth has become a crucial component in the battle against the challenges that the youth are confronted with in an ever changing environment. These programmes need to be designed in such a manner that it addresses the current needs of the youth which includes the important transferring of skills to assist them to make better health choices. A Delphi technique was used to explore the feasibility of a designed comprehensive youth development programme that was aimed at combatting Health Risk Behaviour amongst youth in selected high schools in the Paarl area, Western Cape. A purposive sample of 24 experts was invited to participate in the Delphi study. The Delphi process was administered online using Google docs. Experts were requested to participate in an online questionnaire to give their opinion on the feasibility and content of the Youth Development Programme that was designed by the researcher. The consent form and the questionnaires for the various rounds of the Delphi were designed on Google Form. The experts were asked to follow the prompts/ links provided in the email they received. Google Forms enable the participants to complete and submit the consent forms and questionnaires online. Specific questions were arranged in order for the panel of experts to give input as to: (i) the scope of the programme, (ii) the content of the programme, (iii) the approaches of the programme, (iv) the implementation of the programme, (v) the resources of the programme and (vi) the cost of the programme. The results and observations following the Delphi study indicated that the Delphi technique can be a very helpful tool during the design and development of a programme, especially when the need of expert input is of high priority, as it creatively ascertains expert opinion and advice on a specific area or topic. More importantly aspects have been highlighted that should affect the design of the youth development programme, which include:
1. Scaffolding of the programme into specific age- and gender-based activities;
2. The understanding that the programme should be sensitive to the diverse needs and background of its participants;
3. The need for training of facilitators in order to have the participants being mentored by facilitators equipped to deal with the challenges that will emerge throughout the programme.
Amanda Rosenthal
University of Miami, USA
Title: Sexual risk behaviors among HIV-negative and HIV-positive black individuals living in Miami-Dade county
Biography:
Amanda Rosenthal, BA is a third year medical student at the University of Miami, Miller School of Medicine. She is applying to Internal Medicine Residency and will begin her training in summer 2019. Amanda completed her undergraduate education at the University of Pennsylvania where she received a Bachelor of Arts in Health and Societies, with a concentration in International Health. Between undergraduate and graduate school, Amanda was a Community HealthCorps Member through AmeriCorps, the nation’s largest community service-based program, where she served an 11-month service term in Los Angeles, CA.
Abstract:
Statement of Problem: Despite the widespread availability of testing and treatment opportunities, Black individuals living in the United States continue to disproportionately suffer from HIV and AIDS. It is the intention of this paper to understand this disproportionate risk. Methodology: Community-Based HIV Testing and Awareness for Minority Populations (CHAMP) collected demographic data and information on sexual and other risk behaviors from 530 individuals living in historically Black communities of Miami-Dade County (MDC) who were subsequently tested for HIV. Results: We identified several behaviors that increased risk of HIV transmission among our female and male populations. These behaviors include sex for drugs, money or other items, men who have sex with men, sex with an anonymous partner, sex with an HIV-positive partner, sex with an anonymous partner, a greater number of sexual partners, history of sexual abuse, spending time in jail or prison, and intravenous drug use. Roughly half of our HIV-positive population were aware of HIV status at the time of testing. Further, among previously diagnosed participants, 60% reported having anal or vaginal sex without a condom and 40% reported having sex with an anonymous partner during the last 12 months. Discussion: CHAMP reported specific sexual behaviors placing Black females and males in MDC at risk for HIV transmission. With the information presented in the present study, it is clear that behavioral interventions that focus on HIV transmission and treatment, targeting both HIV-positive and HIV-negative individuals, needs to be a public health priority.
Sonakshi gambhir
School of Planning and Architecture, New Delhi,
Title: Dependence of the dependents
Biography:
Ms. Sonakshi Gambhir is a student of School of Planning and Architecture, New Delhi,India pursuing Bachelors in Architecture (B.Arch). She is currently studying in IV year VII semester out of a total of V years and X semesters. Presently, she is studying in Delhi where she has conducted this research from the university.
Abstract:
Statement of the Problem: While the demographic trend of our country is expecting a shift towards ageing by 2050, the impact on social and physical infrastructure needs to be addressed. Alongside, there is a rise in the number of children lacking guardians; an inevitable increase in juvenile crime rate.
Since time immemorial, intergenerational relationships between elders and young have proved to be symbiotic. They have been the foundation of our gurukuls and cultural identity.
This dissertation seeks to explore the viability of an intergenerational relationship for the two dependents of the society i.e. the elders and the young in the context of Delhi. Thereafter, it aims to examine the role of architecture to facilitate such a relationship.
First, the physiological and psycho-social needs of both the groups, reasons and need for their collaboration and consequences are analyzed.
Through the case study of Ayudham society, an intergenerational home, I illustrate [a] the physical requirements to enable this amalgamation [b] response of elders and children residing together [c] benefits and drawbacks that may have impacted the success of the project.
Finally, in light of impending demographic mayhem, there is an attempt at exploring ways to overcome the hurdles encountered and present a feasible and effective measure to pursue.
José Manuel Alvarez Seara
University of Deusto in Bilbao - Spain.
Title: Negotiations and rearrangements in the Tango and Samba Gafieira dances in the cities of Buenos Aires, Montevideo and São Paulo, from a gender and sexual diversity perspective
Biography:
He is currently adjunct professor at University of the Republic, Uruguay.
Abstract:
This research investigates how people react or reinterpret the situation of gender stereotypes in tango and samba dance. The tango and samba gafieira dances have a gender matrix that reinforces a certain masculinity associated with leadership and power that are socially constructed and that also require a specific analysis with a gender perspective, social class and ethnicity. It seems that the dance comes to reinforce certain gender stereotypes of heteronormative masculinity and femininity. It seems that there is in the classroom dances a dramatization of certain gender roles that represent a heteronormative matrix.
The analysis of these dances from the theories of gender and diversity made it possible to visualize and question the existence of such gender stereotypes, and how people react, reinterpret and negotiate those stereotypes.
The methodology to be used will be predominantly qualitative. This is a case study, in which various instruments will be used: interviews and participant observations in specific dance spaces of these dances and schools where these dances are taught.
It is observed he use of a heteronormative language that helps to sediment certain stereotypes of being male and female was observed mostly in the tango and samba gafieira dance classes and dances. It is mostly observed in the classes and dances that men have the people who lead and the women who are led in the dance classes.
Some of the people interviewed say that they feel the look on them when they dance differently and place the need to show that you can dance in a non-heteronormative way.